F1 2010 itself works fine for offline running with Windows 10 once you have disabled Microsoft’s ‘Games for Windows’ Live integration. The game will install it without asking, so you can disable it afterwards by dropping these dll files into the game directory (alongside f1_2010.exe and F1_2010_game.exe).
I did have to do quite a bit of graphics tuning to get it looking nice. There are config files in Documents\My Games\FormulaOne that you can open with a text editor.